@misc{koziol_harmonising_environmental_2023, 
author={Koziol, K., Kallenborn, R., Xie, Z., Larose, C., Spolaor, A., Barbaro, E., Kavan, J., Kępski, D., Nikulina, A., Zawierucha, K., Pearce, D., Cockerton, L., Nawrot, A., Pawlak, F., Pakszys, P., Cappelletti, D.},
title={Harmonising Environmental Research and Monitoring of Priority Pollutants and Impurities in the Svalbard Atmosphere},
year={2023},
howpublished = {report part},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7406842},
abstract = {Many characteristics of atmospheric air are measured in Svalbard, including levels of chemical pollution, dark dust connected to soot, and living organisms, but most of these studies happen in Ny-Ålesund. Air monitoring was initiated as early as the 1970s, and multiple atmospheric components have been added to the monitoring over time (especially since 2010; in the early 2000s a few parameters measured at Hornsund joined the regular programme). New types of contaminants are being discovered and measured in Svalbard. Methods for detecting simpler substances and particles have been established for a long time, while certain complex chemicals and small living organisms are more difficult to capture and study. Laboratory and field equipment upgrades help improve understanding of the Svalbard environment. In this chapter, we find that collecting information on many characteristics of the air at the same time helps solve long-standing scientific questions in Svalbard, such as the origins of pollution in the Arctic air and the future of the Arctic atmosphere in a changing world. This is especially important since the Arctic is changing fast, both due to global warming and to the shift in local people’s activity from mining to services, e.g. tourism.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7406842} (DOI). Koziol, K.; Kallenborn, R.; Xie, Z.; Larose, C.; Spolaor, A.; Barbaro, E.; Kavan, J.; Kępski, D.; Nikulina, A.; Zawierucha, K.; Pearce, D.; Cockerton, L.; Nawrot, A.; Pawlak, F.; Pakszys, P.; Cappelletti, D.: Harmonising Environmental Research and Monitoring of Priority Pollutants and Impurities in the Svalbard Atmosphere. In: Gevers M.; David D.; Thakur R.; Hübner C.; Jania J. (Ed.): SESS report 2022 : The State of Environmental Science in Svalbard - an annual report. Longyearbyen: Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS). 2023. 78-115. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7406842}}
@misc{xie_organophosphate_ester_2022, 
author={Xie, Z., Wang, P., Wang, X., Castro-Jiménez, J., Kallenborn, R., Liao, C., Mi, W., Lohmann, R., Vila-Costa, M., Dachs, J.},
title={Organophosphate ester pollution in the oceans},
year={2022},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-022-00277-w},
abstract = {The large-scale use of organophosphate esters (OPEs) as flame retardants and plasticizers has led to their prevalence in the environment, with still unknown broader impacts. This Review describes the transport and occurrence of OPEs in marine systems and summarizes emerging evidence of their biogeochemical and ecosystem impacts. Long-range environmental transport via the atmosphere and ocean currents distributes OPEs from industrialized regions to the open ocean. OPEs are most prevalent in coastal regions, but notable concentrations are also found in the Arctic and regions far from shore. Air–water interactions are important for the transport of OPEs to remote oceans and polar regions. Processes such as degradation and sinking of particle-bound compounds modulate the properties and fate of OPEs in the water column, where they are potentially a non-accounted source of anthropogenic organic phosphorus for microbial communities. Some OPEs have toxic effects in marine species and are found in measurable quantities in fish and other aquatic organisms. However, there is conflicting evidence on the potential for bioaccumulation and biomagnification of OPEs. Future work must constrain the large-scale impact of OPEs on marine biota and biogeochemistry to support more effective regulation and mitigation.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-022-00277-w} (DOI). Xie, Z.; Wang, P.; Wang, X.; Castro-Jiménez, J.; Kallenborn, R.; Liao, C.; Mi, W.; Lohmann, R.; Vila-Costa, M.; Dachs, J.: Organophosphate ester pollution in the oceans. Nature Reviews. Earth & Environment. 2022. vol. 3, no. 5, 309-322. DOI: 10.1038/s43017-022-00277-w}}
@misc{cong_source_and_2022, 
author={Cong, B., Li, S., Liu, S., Mi, W., Zhang, C., Xie, Z.},
title={Source and Distribution of Emerging and Legacy Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Basins of the Eastern Indian Ocean},
year={2022},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c08743},
abstract = {Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have received significant and ongoing attention. To establish favorable regulatory policies, it is vital to investigate the occurrence, source, and budgets of POPs worldwide. POPs including phthalic acid esters (PAEs), organophosphate esters (OPEs), brominated flame retardants (BFRs), and highly chlorinated flame retardants (HFRs) have not yet been examined in the Eastern Indian Ocean (EIO). In this study, the distribution of POPs has been investigated from surface sediments with the depth of 4369–5742 m in the Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) and Wharton Basin (WB) of EIO. The average (±SD) concentrations of ∑11PAEs, ∑11OPEs, ∑4 BFRs, and ∑5HFRs were 1202.0 ± 274.36 ng g–1 dw, 15.3 ± 7.23 ng g–1 dw, 327.6 ± 211.74 pg g–1 dw, and 7.9 ± 7.45 pg g–1 dw, respectively. The high abundance of low-molecular-weight (LMW) PAEs, chlorinated OPEs, LMW BDEs, and anti-Dechlorane Plus indicated the pollution characteristics in the EIO. Correlation analysis demonstrated that LMW compounds may be derived from the high-molecular-weight compounds. The monsoon circulation, currents, and Antarctic Bottom Water may be the main drivers. POP accumulation rate, depositional flux, and mass inventory in the Indian Ocean were also estimated.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c08743} (DOI). Cong, B.; Li, S.; Liu, S.; Mi, W.; Zhang, C.; Xie, Z.: Source and Distribution of Emerging and Legacy Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Basins of the Eastern Indian Ocean. Environmental Science and Technology. 2022. vol. 56, no. 7, 4199-4209. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08743}}
@misc{gandra_act_now_2022, 
author={Gandraß, J., Küster, A., Ebinghaus, R., Herata, H., Xie, Z., Koschorreck, J.},
title={Act now - Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Polar Regions : Workshop Report : Online Expert Workshop January 25th -26th 2022},
year={2022},
howpublished = {report},
abstract = {and Antarctic?},
note = {Gandraß, J.; Küster, A.; Ebinghaus, R.; Herata, H.; Xie, Z.; Koschorreck, J.: Act now - Legacy and Emerging Contaminants in Polar Regions : Workshop Report : Online Expert Workshop January 25th -26th 2022. Geesthacht: Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon. 2022.}}
@misc{ma_seasonal_variation_2022, 
author={Ma, Y., Luo, Y., Zhu, J., Zhang, J., Gao, G., Mi, W., Xie, Z., Lohmann, R.},
title={Seasonal variation and deposition of atmospheric organophosphate esters in the coastal region of Shanghai, China},
year={2022},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118930},
abstract = {The coastal megacity Shanghai is located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta, a dominant flame retardants (FRs) production region in China, especially for organophosphate esters (OPEs). This prompted us to investigate occurrence and seasonal changes of atmospheric OPEs in Shanghai, as well as to evaluate their sources, environmental behavior and fate as a case study for global coastal regions. Atmospheric gas and particle phase OPEs were weekly collected at two coastal sites - the emerging town Lingang New Area (LGNA), and the chemical-industry zone Jinshan Area (JSA) from July 2016–June 2017. Total atmospheric concentrations of the observed OPEs were significantly higher in JSA (median of 1800 pg m−3) than LGNA (median of 580 pg m−3). Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) was the most abundant compound, and the proportion of three chlorinated OPEs were higher in the particle phase (55%) than in the gas phase (39%). The year-round median contribution of particle phase OPEs was 33%, which changed strongly with seasons, accounting for 10% in summer in contrast to 62% in winter. Gas and particle phase OPEs in JSA exhibited significant correlations with inverse of temperature, respectively, indicating the importance of local/secondary volatilization sources. The estimated fluxes of gaseous absorption were almost 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of particle phase deposition, which could act as sources of organic phosphorus to coastal and open ocean waters.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118930} (DOI). Ma, Y.; Luo, Y.; Zhu, J.; Zhang, J.; Gao, G.; Mi, W.; Xie, Z.; Lohmann, R.: Seasonal variation and deposition of atmospheric organophosphate esters in the coastal region of Shanghai, China. Environmental Pollution. 2022. vol. 300, 118930. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118930}}
@misc{zhang_atmospheric_deposition_2022, 
author={Zhang, L., Xu, W., Mi, W., Yan, W., Guo, T., Zhou, F., Miao, L., Xie, Z.},
title={Atmospheric deposition, seasonal variation, and long-range transport of organophosphate esters on Yongxing Island, South China Sea},
year={2022},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150673},
abstract = {The South China Sea (SCS), surrounded by developing countries/regions with a huge consumption of flame retardants, is generally contaminated by organophosphate esters (OPEs). However, studies on the occurrence, deposition and long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT) process over the SCS of OPEs compounds are still limited. In this work, 10 OPEs were measured in 100 atmospheric samples collected from Yongxing Island (YXI) in the SCS. The total OPEs concentrations ranged from 1508 to 1968 pg/m3 with 28.6–1416.9 pg/m3 in gas and 95.2–1066.2 pg/m3 in particle partition. The three chlorinated OPEs are present at higher concentrations than the other seven non-chlorinated OPEs. Most OPEs had clear seasonal variations that followed the order: spring>summer≈winter>autumn except for tri-isobutyl phosphate (TIBP) and tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP). The particle-bound fraction of the total OPEs had little seasonal variations with a mean value of 0.35. Comparing J-P model and Koa model, it was found that the gas/particle partition in the study area was in non-equilibrium condition. LRAT, controlled by seasonal wind direction, was the predominated factor that led to the seasonal variations of OPEs on YXI. The average daily deposition flux of total OPEs was 13.0 ng/m2 with an annual total deposition of 15.06 g.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150673} (DOI). Zhang, L.; Xu, W.; Mi, W.; Yan, W.; Guo, T.; Zhou, F.; Miao, L.; Xie, Z.: Atmospheric deposition, seasonal variation, and long-range transport of organophosphate esters on Yongxing Island, South China Sea. Science of the Total Environment. 2022. vol. 806, 150673. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150673}}
@misc{xie_legacy_and_2022, 
author={Xie, Z., Zhang, P., Wu, Z., Zhang, S., Wei, L., Mi, L., Kuester, A., Gandrass, J., Ebinghaus, R., Yang, R., Wang, Z., Mi, W.},
title={Legacy and emerging organic contaminants in the polar regions},
year={2022},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155376},
abstract = {The presence of numerous emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) and remobilization of legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in polar regions have become significant concerns of the scientific communities, public groups and stakeholders. This work reviews the occurrences of EOCs and POPs and their long-range environmental transport (LRET) processes via atmosphere and ocean currents from continental sources to polar regions. Concentrations of classic POPs have been systematically monitored in air at several Arctic stations and showed seasonal variations and declining trends. These chemicals were also the major POPs reported in the Antarctica, while their concentrations were lower than those in the Arctic, illustrating the combination of remoteness and lack of potential local sources for the Antarctica. EOCs were investigated in air, water, snow, ice and organisms in the Arctic. Data in the Antarctica are rare. Reemission of legacy POPs and EOCs accumulated in glaciers, sea ice and snow may alter the concentrations and amplify their effects in polar regions. Thus, future research will need to understand the various biogeochemical and geophysical processes under climate change and anthropogenic pressures.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155376} (DOI). Xie, Z.; Zhang, P.; Wu, Z.; Zhang, S.; Wei, L.; Mi, L.; Kuester, A.; Gandrass, J.; Ebinghaus, R.; Yang, R.; Wang, Z.; Mi, W.: Legacy and emerging organic contaminants in the polar regions. Science of the Total Environment. 2022. vol. 835, 155376. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155376}}
@misc{lian_interprovincial_trade_2021, 
author={Lian, L., Huang, T., Ling, Z., Li, S., Li, J., Jiang, W., Gao, H., Tao, S., Liu, J., Xie, Z., Mao, X., Ma, J.},
title={Interprovincial trade driven relocation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lung cancer risk in China},
year={2021},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124368},
abstract = {Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of ubiquitous organic contaminants which poses an adverse health impact on environment and humans. This study assesses the PAHs environmental contamination and associated lung cancer risk attributable to interprovincial trade in goods and services in China. Virtual trade driven PAHs flow mainly from well-developed and industrialized provinces to less-developed provinces that provide energy and raw materials. In 2007, Shanxi (with a net PAHs outflow of 3743 tons) and Hebei (with a net PAHs outflow of 851 tons) account for 66.8% of total PAH emission outflow attributable to interprovincial trade. The largest single net PAHs flow was from Shanxi to Zhejiang (399 tons), followed by Shanxi to Jiangsu (371 tons), and Hebei to Zhejiang (194 tons). Our results also reveal a switching from outflow to inflow of industrial products with high PAH emissions in some provinces from 2007 to 2012 due to the changes in their industrial structure. The estimated incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) based on modeled benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) concentrations and considering trade driven emissions shows that excess nonoccupational lung cancer cases associated with trade related industrial BaP emissions totaled 2176 in 2007, accounting for 42% of lung cancer cases induced by all Chinese BaP emissions. Without interprovincial trade, Chinese lung cancer cases would increase to 3677 in 2007, indicating that interprovincial trade reduces lung cancer cases in well-developed and populated coastal provinces and increases cases in less populated and less developed provinces, which reduces the overall number of Chinese lung cancer cases. It is recommended that well-developed provinces in eastern and southern China should subsidize those inland provinces providing goods and services to eastern and southern China, in addition to the interprovincial trade.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124368} (DOI). Lian, L.; Huang, T.; Ling, Z.; Li, S.; Li, J.; Jiang, W.; Gao, H.; Tao, S.; Liu, J.; Xie, Z.; Mao, X.; Ma, J.: Interprovincial trade driven relocation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lung cancer risk in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021. vol. 280, no. Part 1, 124368. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124368}}
@misc{wang_overall_comparison_2020, 
author={Wang, P., Mi, W., Xie, Z., Tang, J., Apel, C., Joerss, H., Ebinghaus, R., Zhang, Q.},
title={Overall comparison and source identification of PAHs in the sediments of European Baltic and North Seas, Chinese Bohai and Yellow Seas},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139535},
abstract = {An international sampling campaign was carried out to comprehensively investigate the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the marine sediments from the European Baltic and North Seas, Chinese Bohai and Yellow Seas. The concentrations of ∑18PAHs in the samples from these four seas were in the range of 0.91–5361 ng/g dry weight (dw), 0.46–227 ng/g dw, 25.0–308 ng/g dw and 4.3–659 ng/g dw, respectively. 4-rings PAHs, e.g., fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo(b)fluoranthene, were commonly the dominant compounds in all the samples. The PAH sources were identified via composition patterns, diagnostic ratios, principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF). Coal combustion, vehicular emission, coke plant and petroleum residue were apportioned as the main sources in these marine sediments. However, through PMF modeling, different contributions of these sources were quantified to the deposited PAHs in the seas, suggesting distinct anthropogenic impacts on the adjacent marine system. It is note-worthy that biomass combustion may not be the main source of PAHs in the majority of sediments from these seas. This was evidenced by the ratios of naphthalene against its methylated derivatives (i.e. 1-,2-methylnaphthalenes) other than the composition pattern in the samples, of which the approach is in prospect of developing in future studies.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139535} (DOI). Wang, P.; Mi, W.; Xie, Z.; Tang, J.; Apel, C.; Joerss, H.; Ebinghaus, R.; Zhang, Q.: Overall comparison and source identification of PAHs in the sediments of European Baltic and North Seas, Chinese Bohai and Yellow Seas. Science of the Total Environment. 2020. vol. 737, 139535. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139535}}
@misc{zhao_paes_and_2020, 
author={Zhao, X., Jin, H., Ji, Z., Li, D., Kaw, H., Chen, J., Xie, Z., Zhang, T.},
title={PAES and PAHs in the surface sediments of the East China Sea: Occurrence, distribution and influence factors},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134763},
abstract = {A total of 29 sediment samples were collected from the East China Sea (ECS), with the Yangtze River estuary and the Zhejiang costal area. These sediment samples were analyzed for 6 phthalate esters (PAEs) and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): the ΣPAEs and ΣPAHs concentrations ranged between 1649.5 and 8451.5 ng g−1 (mean = 3446.3 ng g−1) and 57.5–364.5 ng g−1 (mean = 166.2 ng g−1), respectively. Overall, the PAEs and PAHs concentrations gradually decreasing in the offshore and southward directions: their compositions and distributions suggest they could have mainly derived from the Yangtze River. In particular, their distribution was influenced by the sources’ proximity, hydrodynamics, and sediment geochemistry (i.e., TOC content and grain size). A classical two-end member model was utilized to estimate the fraction of terrestrial organic carbon in the sediments of the ECS. When the sediment was dominated by terrestrial-derived organic matter (OM), the concentrations of PAEs and PAHs were significantly correlated to the TOC content and gran size of the sediments. In contrast, the poor correlation of TOC content and grain size with PAEs in those sediments dominated by marine-derived OM, implied that the distribution of PAEs in the ECS was mainly related to land-based inputs, (especially to that of the Yangtze River). Regardless of the origin of most of the OM contained in the sediments, we observed positive correlations between the TOC content, and grain size of those containing PAHs. These results suggest that the distribution of PAHs in the ECS was not only related to the Yangtze River input, but also to the geochemical characteristics of the sediments.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134763} (DOI). Zhao, X.; Jin, H.; Ji, Z.; Li, D.; Kaw, H.; Chen, J.; Xie, Z.; Zhang, T.: PAES and PAHs in the surface sediments of the East China Sea: Occurrence, distribution and influence factors. Science of the Total Environment. 2020. vol. 703, 134763. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134763}}
@misc{xie_occurrence_of_2020, 
author={Xie, Z., Wang, Z., Magand, O., Thollot, A., Ebinghaus, R., Mi, W., Dommergue, A.},
title={Occurrence of legacy and emerging organic contaminants in snow at Dome C in the Antarctic},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140200},
abstract = {Concentrations of 9 organophosphate esters (OPEs), 16 perfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) and 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in surface snow samples collected at Dome C on the Antarctic Plateau in summer 2016. Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), tris-(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tri-n-butylphosphate (TnBP) were the dominant compounds of OPEs, with mean concentrations of 8157 ± 4860, 1128 ± 928 and 1232 ± 1147 pg/L. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA, mean: 358 ± 71 pg/L) was the dominant compound of PFASs, and following by perfluoro-n-hexanoic acid (PFHxA, mean: 222 ± 97 pg/L), perfluoro-n-heptanoic acid (PFHpA, 183 ± 60 pg/L) and perfluoro-n-pentanoic acid (PFPeA, 175 ± 105 pg/L). 2-(Heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid (HFPO-DA, mean: 9.2 ± 2.6 pg/L) was determined in the Antarctic for the first time. Significantly positive correlations were observed between HFPO-DA and the short-chain PFASs, implying they have similar emission sources and long-range transport potential. High levels of 2-methylnaphthalene and 1-methylnaphthalene, as well as the ratios of PAH congeners indicated PAHs were attributable mostly to combustion origin. Occurrence and profiles of the indicators of OPEs, PFASs and PAHs, as well as air mass back-trajectory analysis provided direct evidences of human activities on Concordia station and posed obvious impacts on local environments in the Antarctic. Nevertheless, the exchange processes among different environmental matrices may drive the long-range transport and redistribution of the legacy and emerging Organic contaminants from coast to inland in the Antarctic.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140200} (DOI). Xie, Z.; Wang, Z.; Magand, O.; Thollot, A.; Ebinghaus, R.; Mi, W.; Dommergue, A.: Occurrence of legacy and emerging organic contaminants in snow at Dome C in the Antarctic. Science of the Total Environment. 2020. vol. 741, 140200. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140200}}
@misc{petj_overview_integrative_2020, 
author={Petäjä, T., Duplissy, E., Tabakova, K., Ebinghaus, R., Xie, Z.},
title={Overview: Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE) – concept and initial results},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8551-2020},
abstract = {The role of polar regions is increasing in terms of megatrends such as globalization, new transport routes, demography, and the use of natural resources with consequent effects on regional and transported pollutant concentrations. We set up the ERA-PLANET Strand 4 project “iCUPE – integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments” to provide novel insights and observational data on global grand challenges with an Arctic focus. We utilize an integrated approach combining in situ observations, satellite remote sensing Earth observations (EOs), and multi-scale modeling to synthesize data from comprehensive long-term measurements, intensive campaigns, and satellites to deliver data products, metrics, and indicators to stakeholders concerning the environmental status, availability, and extraction of natural resources in the polar areas. The iCUPE work consists of thematic state-of-the-art research and the provision of novel data in atmospheric pollution, local sources and transboundary transport, the characterization of arctic surfaces and their changes, an assessment of the concentrations and impacts of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants and their cycling, the quantification of emissions from natural resource extraction, and the validation and optimization of satellite Earth observation (EO) data streams. In this paper we introduce the iCUPE project and summarize initial results arising out of the integration of comprehensive in situ observations, satellite remote sensing, and multi-scale modeling in the Arctic context.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8551-2020} (DOI). Petäjä, T.; Duplissy, E.; Tabakova, K.; Ebinghaus, R.; Xie, Z.: Overview: Integrative and Comprehensive Understanding on Polar Environments (iCUPE) – concept and initial results. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2020. vol. 20, no. 14, 8551-8592. DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-8551-2020}}
@misc{joerss_transport_of_2020, 
author={Joerss, H., Xie, Z., Wagner, C., von Appen, W., Sunderland, E., Ebinghaus, R.},
title={Transport of Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Replacement Compound HFPO-DA through the Atlantic Gateway to the Arctic Ocean—Is the Arctic a Sink or a Source?},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c00228},
abstract = {The spatial distribution of 29 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in seawater was investigated along a sampling transect from Europe to the Arctic and two transects within Fram Strait, located between Greenland and Svalbard, in the summer of 2018. Hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (HFPO-DA), a replacement compound for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), was detected in Arctic seawater for the first time. This provides evidence for its long-range transport to remote areas. The total PFAS concentration was significantly enriched in the cold, low-salinity surface water exiting the Arctic compared to warmer, higher-salinity water from the North Atlantic entering the Arctic (260 ± 20 pg/L versus 190 ± 10 pg/L). The higher ratio of perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) to perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) in outflowing water from the Arctic suggests a higher contribution of atmospheric sources compared to ocean circulation. An east–west cross section of the Fram Strait, which included seven depth profiles, revealed higher PFAS concentrations in the surface water layer than in intermediate waters and a negligible intrusion into deep waters (>1000 m). Mass transport estimates indicated a net inflow of PFASs with ≥8 perfluorinated carbons via the boundary currents and a net outflow of shorter-chain homologues. We hypothesize that this reflects higher contributions from atmospheric sources to the Arctic outflow and a higher retention of the long-chain compounds in melting snow and ice.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c00228} (DOI). Joerss, H.; Xie, Z.; Wagner, C.; von Appen, W.; Sunderland, E.; Ebinghaus, R.: Transport of Legacy Perfluoroalkyl Substances and the Replacement Compound HFPO-DA through the Atlantic Gateway to the Arctic Ocean—Is the Arctic a Sink or a Source?. Environmental Science and Technology. 2020. vol. 54, no. 16, 9958-9967. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00228}}
@misc{yang_persulfatebased_degradation_2020, 
author={Yang, L., He, L., Xue, J., Ma, Y., Xie, Z., Wu, L., Huang, M., Zhang, Z.},
title={Persulfate-based degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in aqueous solution: Review on influences, mechanisms and prospective},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122405},
abstract = {Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) have attracted global attention due to their chemical durability, wide distribution, biotoxicity and bioaccumulative properties. Persulfate is a promising alternative to H2O2 for advanced oxidation processes and effective for organic removal. In this review, persulfate activation methods and operational factors in persulfate-based PFOA / PFOS degradation are analyzed and summarized. Moreover, the decomposing mechanisms of PFOA and PFOS are outlined in terms of molecular structures based a series of proposed pathways. PFOS could be converted to PFOA with the attack of SO4− and OH. And then PFOA defluorination occurs with one CF2 unit missing in each round and the similar procedure would occur continuously with sufficient SO4− and OH until entire decomposition. In addition, several knowledge gaps and research needs for further in-depth studies are identified. This review provides an overview for better understanding of the mechanisms and prospects in persulfate-based degradation of PFOA and PFOS.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122405} (DOI). Yang, L.; He, L.; Xue, J.; Ma, Y.; Xie, Z.; Wu, L.; Huang, M.; Zhang, Z.: Persulfate-based degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in aqueous solution: Review on influences, mechanisms and prospective. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2020. vol. 393, 122405. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122405}}
@misc{han_spatial_and_2020, 
author={Han, X., Xie, Z., Tian, Y., Yan, W., Miao, L., Zhang, L., Zhu, X., Xu, W.},
title={Spatial and seasonal variations of organic corrosion inhibitors in the Pearl River, South China: Contributions of sewage discharge and urban rainfall runoff},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114321},
abstract = {While organic corrosion inhibitors are ubiquitous in aquatic environments, knowledge on their occurrence, sources and transport in urban surface water is still scarce. In this study, the spatial and seasonal variations of organic corrosion inhibitors and their potential sources were investigated in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), one of the most highly urbanized watersheds in China. A total of 8 compounds belonging to benzothiazole (BTH) and benzotriazole (BTR) groups respectively, were identified in the Pearl River. In addition, there were clear spatial and temporal differentiations in the concentration profiles. The dry season provided higher concentrations of BTH (213–1082 ng L−1) and BTR (112–1279 ng L−1) compared to the wet season (30–574 ng L−1 for BTH and 23–482 ng L−1for BTR), indicating a dominant process of dilution. Remarkably higher concentrations and similar composition features of targets were observed in the effluent samples from two sewage treatment plants (STPs). Our study indicated that rainfall runoff from urban traffic roads during wet season may also be an important contributor to the Pearl River water environment. The annual total mass loading of corrosion inhibitors from the main channel of the Pearl River is 53.2 tons and exhibited strong seasonal variation. Effluents discharge from STPs and urban rainfall runoff from traffic roads are main sources of corrosion inhibitors to the Pearl River.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114321} (DOI). Han, X.; Xie, Z.; Tian, Y.; Yan, W.; Miao, L.; Zhang, L.; Zhu, X.; Xu, W.: Spatial and seasonal variations of organic corrosion inhibitors in the Pearl River, South China: Contributions of sewage discharge and urban rainfall runoff. Environmental Pollution. 2020. vol. 262, 114321. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114321}}
@misc{huang_human_exposure_2020, 
author={Huang, T., Ling, Z., Ma, J., Macdonald, R., Gao, H., Tao, S., Tian, C., Song, S., Jiang, W., Chen, L., Chen, K., Xie, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhao, L., Gu, C., Mao, X.},
title={Human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls embodied in global fish trade},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0066-1},
abstract = {International food trade poses food safety risks through the collateral transport of contaminants that are harmful to human health. Persistent organic pollutants, such as the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener PCB-153, are consumed via fish intake traded globally, but the estimated daily intake and risk to human health are poorly understood. Using a food trade pathway model, a global-scale atmospheric persistent organic pollutant transport model and UN Global Comtrade data, high PCB exposure was identified in Western Europe. Marine fish exported from Europe to Sub-Saharan African countries account for 84% of PCB-153 consumer exposure. In contrast, European fish consumers face reduced exposure to PCB-153 by consuming marine fish imported from countries where PCB-153 concentrations are low. People consuming aquaculture-farmed salmon fed with marine ingredients from PCB-153-contaminated seawaters face a higher PCB exposure. Our findings demonstrate that global fish trade can exacerbate PCB-153 exposure in regions where environmental PCB-153 levels are low. This approach demonstrates how the exposure to harmful food contaminants distributed through global food trade can be predicted and quantified.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-020-0066-1} (DOI). Huang, T.; Ling, Z.; Ma, J.; Macdonald, R.; Gao, H.; Tao, S.; Tian, C.; Song, S.; Jiang, W.; Chen, L.; Chen, K.; Xie, Z.; Zhao, Y.; Zhao, L.; Gu, C.; Mao, X.: Human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls embodied in global fish trade. Nature Food. 2020. vol. 1, no. 5, 292-300. DOI: 10.1038/s43016-020-0066-1}}
@misc{zhang_bioaccumulation_and_2020, 
author={Zhang, L., Yan, W., Xie, Z., Cai, G., Mi, W., Xu, W.},
title={Bioaccumulation and changes of trace metals over the last two decades in marine organisms from Guangdong coastal regions, South China},
year={2020},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2020.05.007},
abstract = {Trace metal (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) exposures, distribution and bioaccumulation were investigated in marine organisms from Guangdong coastal regions, South China. The results showed that all of the selected metals were observed in marine organisms with a predomination of Cu and Zn. The metal exposure levels exhibited obvious variations between species with the decreasing order of crab>shellfish>shrimp>fish. The higher metals enrichment seen in shellfish and crab species primarily attributed to their living habits and the higher sediment background values of trace metals. Endpoint bioaccumulation factor (BAFfd) was used to characterize the bioaccumulation potentials of marine organisms to trace metals, of which Cu and Zn were the most accumulated elements. The exposure of trace metals in the cultured organisms was far lower than those in wild marine organisms, which is probably due to the effect of growth dilution. Comparisons with previous studies demonstrated that the concentration profiles of most trace metals declined over the last one to two decades, except Cu, that increased indistinctively.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2020.05.007} (DOI). Zhang, L.; Yan, W.; Xie, Z.; Cai, G.; Mi, W.; Xu, W.: Bioaccumulation and changes of trace metals over the last two decades in marine organisms from Guangdong coastal regions, South China. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2020. vol. 98, 103-108. DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.05.007}}
@misc{mi_occurrence_and_2019, 
author={Mi, L., Xie, Z., Zhao, Z., Zhong, M., Mi, W., Ebinghaus, R., Tang, J.},
title={Occurrence and spatial distribution of phthalate esters in sediments of the Bohai and Yellow seas},
year={2019},
howpublished = {journal article},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.438},
abstract = {Phthalate esters (PEs) are a class of synthetic chemicals that have been widely used as plasticizers in industrial products and households. The occurrence of PEs in the marine environment has been a concern for many years because of their adverse impacts on marine organisms and human health. In this study, six major PEs, i.e. diethyl phthalate (DEP), di‑isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di‑n‑butyl phthalate (DnBP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BBP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) and di‑(2‑ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), were analyzed in sediment samples collected in the Bohai and Yellow seas. The sum concentrations of the six PEs ranged from 1.4 to 24.6 ng/g and the average was 9.1 ng/g. The highest concentrations of PEs in the sediment samples were those of DEHP with a median concentration of 3.77 ng/g, followed by DiBP (median, 1.60 ng/g), DnBP (0.91 ng/g), DEP (0.32 ng/g), BBP (0.03 ng/g) and DCHP (0.01 ng/g). Generally, concentrations of PEs in the Bohai Sea are higher than those in the Yellow Sea. The varying spatial distributions of the individual PEs can be the result of discharge sources, regional ocean circulation patterns, and mud areas in the Bohai and Yellow seas. Significant positive correlations were found between total organic carbon content and the concentrations of DiBP, DnBP, and DEHP. It is estimated that the inventories of the ∑6PEs were 20.73 tons in the Bohai Sea and 65.87 tons in the Yellow Sea. Both riverine discharge and atmospheric deposition are major input sources for the PE sedimentation, while massive plastic litter and microplastics sinking to the ocean floor can directly release PEs into sediment. This study provides an appropriate data set for the assessment of the risk of PEs to the marine ecosystem.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.438} (DOI). Mi, L.; Xie, Z.; Zhao, Z.; Zhong, M.; Mi, W.; Ebinghaus, R.; Tang, J.: Occurrence and spatial distribution of phthalate esters in sediments of the Bohai and Yellow seas. Science of the Total Environment. 2019. vol. 653, 792-800. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.4