@misc{yang_creep_characteristics_2021, 
author={Yang, H., Gavras, S., Dieringa, H.},
title={Creep Characteristics of Metal Matrix Composites},
year={2021},
howpublished = {book part},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11822-3},
abstract = {Creep is the slow, plastic deformation of materials at elevated temperatures and a constant applied stress or load. Metals creep faster as the temperature or stress increases. This creep is the consequence of various deformation mechanisms, which in turn are the result of different microstructures. The deformation behavior is influenced, for example, by the presence of solute atoms, intermetallic precipitates, grain sizes, twins in the microstructure, different dislocation densities as a result of deformation processes or different thermal expansions, or dispersoids introduced into the metal matrix by different processes. These dispersoids, in turn, can influence the factors mentioned above which influence creep deformation. Thus, the creep resistance of metals can be altered with reinforcing components. The minimum creep rate is often used as a measure of the creep resistance of metallic materials. It corresponds to the minimum of the first derivative of the creep curve, which is located in the secondary area of this curve. The lower the minimum creep rate, the more resistant is the material against creep. This is usually correct, but not always. This article describes the influence of reinforcing components on the microstructure and thus on the creep properties of metal matrix composites. Examples are given for fiber- and particle-reinforced composites whose reinforcing components are arranged in different concentrations, sizes, and orientations in the composite material and influence the creep resistance of the composite material.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11822-3} (DOI). Yang, H.; Gavras, S.; Dieringa, H.: Creep Characteristics of Metal Matrix Composites. In: Brabazon, D. (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Materials: Composites. Elsevier. 2021. 375-388. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11822-3}}
@misc{yang_creep_characteristics_2021, 
author={Yang, H., Gavras, S., Dieringa, H.},
title={Creep Characteristics of Metal Matrix Composites},
year={2021},
howpublished = {book part},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11822-3},
abstract = {Creep is the slow, plastic deformation of materials at elevated temperatures and a constant applied stress or load. Metals creep faster as the temperature or stress increases. This creep is the consequence of various deformation mechanisms, which in turn are the result of different microstructures. The deformation behavior is influenced, for example, by the presence of solute atoms, intermetallic precipitates, grain sizes, twins in the microstructure, different dislocation densities as a result of deformation processes or different thermal expansions, or dispersoids introduced into the metal matrix by different processes. These dispersoids, in turn, can influence the factors mentioned above which influence creep deformation. Thus, the creep resistance of metals can be altered with reinforcing components. The minimum creep rate is often used as a measure of the creep resistance of metallic materials. It corresponds to the minimum of the first derivative of the creep curve, which is located in the secondary area of this curve. The lower the minimum creep rate, the more resistant is the material against creep. This is usually correct, but not always. This article describes the influence of reinforcing components on the microstructure and thus on the creep properties of metal matrix composites. Examples are given for fiber- and particle-reinforced composites whose reinforcing components are arranged in different concentrations, sizes, and orientations in the composite material and influence the creep resistance of the composite material.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11822-3} (DOI). Yang, H.; Gavras, S.; Dieringa, H.: Creep Characteristics of Metal Matrix Composites. In: Brabazon, D. (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Materials: Composites. Elsevier. 2021. 375-388. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-803581-8.11822-3}}
@misc{rao_connected_process_2019, 
author={Rao, K.P., Chalasani, D., Suresh, K., Prasad, Y.V.R.K., Dieringa, H., Hort, N.},
title={Connected Process Design for Hot Working of a Creep-Resistant Mg–4Al–2Ba–2Ca Alloy (ABaX422)},
year={2019},
howpublished = {book part},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03897-959-3},
abstract = {With a view to design connected processing steps for the manufacturing of components, the hot working behavior of the ABaX422 alloy has been characterized for the as-cast and extruded conditions. In the as-cast condition, the alloy has a limited workability, due to the presence of a large volume of intermetallic phases at the grain boundaries, and is not suitable to process at high speeds. A connected processing step has been designed on the basis of the results of the processing map for the as-cast alloy, and this step involves the extrusion of the cast billet to obtain a 12 mm diameter rod product at a billet temperature of 390◦C and at a ram speed of 1 mm s−1. The microstructure of the extruded rod has a finer grain size, with redistributed fine particles of the intermetallic phases. The processing map of the extruded rod exhibited two new domains, and the one in the temperature range 360–420◦C and strain rate range 0.2–10 s−1 is useful for manufacturing at high speeds, while the lower temperature develops a finer grain size in the product to improve the room temperature strength and ductility. The area of the flow instability is also reduced by the extrusion step, widening the workability window.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03897-959-3} (DOI). Rao, K.; Chalasani, D.; Suresh, K.; Prasad, Y.; Dieringa, H.; Hort, N.: Connected Process Design for Hot Working of a Creep-Resistant Mg–4Al–2Ba–2Ca Alloy (ABaX422). In: Al-Samman, T. (Ed.): Material and Process Design for Lightweight Structures. Basel: MDPI. 2019. 90-103. DOI: 10.3390/books978-3-03897-959-3}}
@misc{dieringa_magnesium_and_2018, 
author={Dieringa, H., Kainer, K.U.},
title={Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys},
year={2018},
howpublished = {book part},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69743-7_5},
abstract = {Whereas the fundamental properties of all metallic elements are covered systematically and comprehensively in Chap. 4, this chapter treats magnesium which is applied as both a base and an alloying element of metallic materials (Sects. 5.1, 5.2). According to common usage, the chapter is subdivided into treatments of metallic materials, such as melting and casting, as well as heat treatment (Sect. 5.3), joining (Sect. 5.4) and corrosion behavior (Sect. 5.5). Recent developments are covered in the final Sect. 5.6. Magnesium is the lightest structural metal with a density of 1.74 g cm−3. It is produced by 2 basic processes. One is the electrolysis of fused anhydrous magnesium chloride (MgCl2) derived from magnesite, brine, or seawater, and recently from serpentine ores. The other one is the thermal reduction of magnesium oxide (MgO) by ferrosilicon derived from carbonate ores [5.1]. The use of primary Mg is shown in Fig. 5.1. Only one third is used for structural parts, mainly for castings, while another third is used as an alloying element in Al alloys.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69743-7_5} (DOI). Dieringa, H.; Kainer, K.: Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys. In: Warlimont, H.; Martienssen, W. (Ed.): Springer Handbook of Materials Data. Cham: Springer. 2018. 151-159. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69743-7_5}}
@misc{dieringa_materials__2016, 
author={Dieringa, H., Ibe, G., Kainer, K.U.},
title={Materials - Metal Matrix Composites},
year={2016},
howpublished = {book part},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a16_389.pub2},
abstract = {density can be achieved.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a16_389.pub2} (DOI). Dieringa, H.; Ibe, G.; Kainer, K.: Materials - Metal Matrix Composites. In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag. 2016. DOI: 10.1002/14356007.a16_389.pub2}}
@misc{dieringa_advances_in_2014, 
author={Dieringa, H., Hort, N., Bohlen, J., Letzig, D., Kainer, K.U.},
title={Advances in manufacturing processes for magnesium alloys},
year={2014},
howpublished = {book part},
abstract = {also especially in Germany will be given.},
note = {Dieringa, H.; Hort, N.; Bohlen, J.; Letzig, D.; Kainer, K.: Advances in manufacturing processes for magnesium alloys. In: Mathaudhu, S.; Luo, A.; Neelameggham, N.; Nyberg, E.; Sillekens, W. (Ed.): Essential Readings in Magnesium Technology. Wiley. 2014. 19-24.}}
@misc{evertz_magnesiumlegierungen_und_2013, 
author={Evertz, T., Flaxa, V., Georgeou, Z., Gronebaum, R.-H., Kwiaton, N., Lesch, C., Otto, M., Schoettler, J., Schulz, T., Springub, B., Furrer, P., Mueller, A., Dieringa, H., Kainer, K.U., Leyens, C., Peters, M., Gadow, R., Drechsler, K., Ziegmann, G.},
title={Magnesiumlegierungen und -Matrix Verbundwerkstoffe},
year={2013},
howpublished = {book part},
note = {Evertz, T.; Flaxa, V.; Georgeou, Z.; Gronebaum, R.; Kwiaton, N.; Lesch, C.; Otto, M.; Schoettler, J.; Schulz, T.; Springub, B.; Furrer, P.; Mueller, A.; Dieringa, H.; Kainer, K.; Leyens, C.; Peters, M.; Gadow, R.; Drechsler, K.; Ziegmann, G.: Magnesiumlegierungen und -Matrix Verbundwerkstoffe. In: Friedrich, H. (Ed.): Leichtbau in der Fahrzeugtechnik. Wiesbaden: Springer. 2013. 314-336.}}
@misc{dieringa_applications_magnesiumbased_2013, 
author={Dieringa, H.},
title={Applications: magnesium-based metal matrix composites (MMCs)},
year={2013},
howpublished = {book part},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857097293.317},
abstract = {This chapter gives an introduction to different forms and production routes of magnesium-based metal matrix composites (MMCs). Firstly, the different kinds and forms of reinforcements are discussed, followed by the typical casting processes used for processing the MMCs. Powder metallurgical processes have already been described, so we omit these. Subsequently, some examples of the mechanical properties are given, especially at elevated temperatures.},
note = {Online available at: \url{https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857097293.317} (DOI). Dieringa, H.: Applications: magnesium-based metal matrix composites (MMCs). In: Pekguleryuz, M.; Kainer, K.; Kaya, A. (Ed.): Fundamentals of Magnesium Alloy Metallurgy. Woodhead Publishing. 2013. 317-341. DOI: 10.1533/9780857097293.317}}
@misc{dieringa_zug_und_2008, 
author={Dieringa, H.},
title={Zug- und Druckkriechverhalten von Magnesiumwerkstoffen - Vergleichende Untersuchung der minimalen Kriechraten der verstaerkten und unverstaerkten Magnesiumlegierung AE42},
year={2008},
howpublished = {book},
abstract = {In dieser Arbeit wird das Zug- und Druckkriechverhalten der Magnesiumlegierung AE42 sowie eines AE42-basierten Verbundwerkstoffs untersucht, der mit Aluminiumoxidfasern verstärkt ist. Eine Asymmetrie der minimalen Kriechraten im Zug- und Druckkriechversuch konnte bei beiden Werkstoffen nachgewiesen werden.},
note = {Dieringa, H.: Zug- und Druckkriechverhalten von Magnesiumwerkstoffen - Vergleichende Untersuchung der minimalen Kriechraten der verstaerkten und unverstaerkten Magnesiumlegierung AE42. Saarbruecken: VDM Verlag. 2008.}}
@misc{dieringa_particles_fibres_2006, 
author={Dieringa, H., Kainer, K.U.},
title={Particles, Fibres and short Fibres for the reinforcement of metal materials},
year={2006},
howpublished = {book part},
abstract = {These demands can be almost exclusively fulfilled by non-metal inorganic reinforcement components.},
note = {Dieringa, H.; Kainer, K.: Particles, Fibres and short Fibres for the reinforcement of metal materials. In: Kainer, K. (Ed.): Metal Matrix Composites. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 2006. 55-76.}}
@misc{hort_magnesium_matrix_2006, 
author={Hort, N., Dieringa, H., Thakur, S.K., Kainer, K.U.},
title={Magnesium Matrix Composites},
year={2006},
howpublished = {book part},
note = {Hort, N.; Dieringa, H.; Thakur, S.; Kainer, K.: Magnesium Matrix Composites. In: Friedrich, H.; Mordike, B. (Ed.): Magnesium Technology, Metallurgy, Design Data, Applications. Berlin: Springer. 2006. 315-334.}}
@misc{dieringa_partikel_fasern_2003, 
author={Dieringa, H., Kainer, K.U.},
title={Partikel, Fasern und Kurzfasern zur Verstaerkung von metallischen Werkstoffen},
year={2003},
howpublished = {book part},
note = {Dieringa, H.; Kainer, K.: Partikel, Fasern und Kurzfasern zur Verstaerkung von metallischen Werkstoffen. In: Kainer, K. (Ed.): Metallische Verbundwerkstoffe. Weinheim: WILEY-VCH. 2003. 66-8